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Step function : ウィキペディア英語版
Step function

In mathematics, a function on the real numbers is called a step function (or staircase function) if it can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals. Informally speaking, a step function is a piecewise constant function having only finitely many pieces.
==Definition and first consequences==
A function f: \mathbb \rightarrow \mathbb is called a step function if it can be written as
:f(x) = \sum\limits_^n \alpha_i \chi_(x)\, for all real numbers x
where n\ge 0, \alpha_i are real numbers, A_i are intervals, and \chi_A\, (sometimes written as 1_A) is the indicator function of A:
:\chi_A(x) = \begin
1 & \mbox x \in A, \\
0 & \mbox x \notin A. \\
\end
In this definition, the intervals A_i can be assumed to have the following two properties:
# The intervals are disjoint, \scriptstyle A_i \,\cap\, A_j ~=~ \emptyset for \scriptstyle i ~\ne~ j
# The union of the intervals is the entire real line, \scriptstyle \cup_^n A_i ~=~ \mathbb R.
Indeed, if that is not the case to start with, a different set of intervals can be picked for which these assumptions hold. For example, the step function
:f = 4 \chi_ + 3 \chi_\,
can be written as
:f = 0\chi_ +4 \chi_ +7 \chi_ + 3 \chi_+0\chi_.\,

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Step function」の詳細全文を読む



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